Bulletin PNRPU. Mechanical engineering, materials science

Review of oxide and sulphidenonmrtallics in the killed steels (16Г2АФ, 10Г2ФБ, etc.) is carried out. Methods of influence on the nonmetallic characteristics in weld joint is considered.

The thermal analysis of metal of the low-alloyed pipe X70 steel, for studying of properties of nonmetallic inclusions is carried out. The thermal analysis allowed to determine reference temperature partial or, in certain cases, full melting of inclusions of the difficult complex structure containing oxides of iron, and also temperature of crystallization (hardening) of separately formed phase, immiscible with the main, being difficult nonmetallic inclusion. The obtained data explain processes of coagulation and a koalestsention of fusible nonmetallic inclusions in the liquid metal, bringing to formation of new inclusions and inclusions of difficult structure and increase them in a size.

Theoretical aspects of crystallisation of welded seams from diverse materials are considered. The comparative characteristic of physical and chemical properties of iron and copper is resulted. The basic processes influencing on weldability diverse welded connection of steels with copper and its alloys are described. The mechanism of influence of physical features of electron beam welding on processes of crystallisation of a welded seam of diverse materials on an example a steel - bronze is offered.

The article considers the problem of integrating the competency approach to education and the formation of professional competence of students at the expense of the general professional disciplines. Role of higher education is to train highly qualified specialists.

The article briefly deals with the problems caused by the emergence of new information technology, formalization of vital processes. The authors tried to objectively from their point of view to analyze the current state of higher professional education. Higher education cannot take into account the changes that have occurred in the field of secondary education, as on the structure and content of the state standards. The change has also affected the training of University professors, the vast majority of whom do not have practical experience industrial enterprises. To ensure the competitiveness of the graduates in the labor market last need to develop more practical skills, to increase the interest of employers and to reduce the adaptation time specialist on the venture.