Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering

The digitalization of technological processes in recent decades spread to all sectors of the country's economy, and the oil and gas sector was no exception. Digital field models are increasingly used in engineering to substantiate development indicators and make technological and management decisions in order to increase the profitability of production. Full-scale geological and hydrodynamic models and simplified reservoir models differ in the amount of information taken into account, in detail and in the scope for solving engineering problems in conditions of limited time and technological resources. When modeling oil deposits, special attention is paid to the study of the mutual influence of wells, the dynamics of development indicators for individual sections of the deposit, the determination of possible cross flows between blocks or inflow from the aquifer. When moving to a more detailed level of modeling, the division of the reservoir into separate zones and their analysis allow in many cases to improve the quality of approximation and forecast of development indicators. For solving operational problems or modeling objects with high property uncertainty, simplified reservoir models have an advantage in terms of ease of setup and calculations efficiency. In the presented work, a method for differentiating a deposit into separate zones was proposed, taking into account the accumulated compensation for waterflooding centers, and it was tested on the example of a production facility in one of the fields in Western Siberia. With the help of stochastic modeling, statistical estimates were obtained for various options for combining flooding areas into single zones. The options were selected, which were characterized by close values of the accumulated compensation with a minimum standard deviation of the indicator in general for the object. Accounting and application of the obtained results with the subsequent use of calculations of development indicators based on the material balance method would ensure the minimum possible flows between the zones and, as a result, would allow obtaining optimal boundary conditions that minimized the influence of neighboring zones.

In the Kama region, the problem of reducing potential traps of a structural type and reducing the role of traditional search objects can be solved by means of the oil potential of poorly or insufficiently studied objects. The latter within the Udmurt Kama region include deposits of the terrigenous Devonian. In view of the widespread use of the hydrocarbon migration factor in assessing the success rate of exploration work, the study of regional migration processes does not lose its relevance. The territorial confinement of a significant proportion of deposits in the terrigenous Devonian to the axial and inner side sections of the depressions of the Kama-Kinel system was shown; geothermal prerequisites for oil formation and a possible mechanism for the primary migration of hydrocarbons within the zones of development of oil and gas source strata of the Domanik formation were highlighted. One of the key roles for the start of the secondary lateral migration of micro-oil is assigned to gas emanations within the development paths of long-lived deep faults, followed by gas lateral transport of oil in the direction of uplift. An assumption was made about the early Permian and post-Permian time of the beginning of accumulation and re-formation of deposits for the territory of the Cis-Urals and adjacent areas, respectively. On the basis of statistical data, trends in changes in some parameters of deposits at a distance from the zones of supposed generation were traced: the degree of traps filling, oil saturation of reservoirs, density and content of oil heavy components, the main properties of associated gas. In accordance with the regional structural plan of the terrigenous Devonian, the proposed zonal directions of hydrocarbon migration were identified. Intra-reservoir migration was expected at an average distance of up to 30-40 km from the generation areas. Taking into account the data obtained and the peculiarities of the regional development of reservoirs and seals, the territory of the Udmurt Republic was ranked according to the degree of prospects for the Devonian terrigenous complex, taking into account the migration factor.

Many years of experience in the development of potash deposits, in particular the Verkhnekamennoye potassium-magnesium salt deposit, has shown that the most unfavorable and detrimental consequence is the flooding of the entire mine field or its section. As a rule, the cause of flooding is the formation and development of technogenic water-conducting cracks or the development of existing cracks in the massif, which are most often associated with zones with weakened physical and mechanical properties. The most detailed distribution of properties can be obtained by creating a geological and geomechanical model. To create such a model, it is necessary to analyze the existing factors that affect the state of the rock mass and workings, as well as identify and prepare the necessary initial data. The main influencing factors include the geological features of the structure of the Solikamsk depression, various technogenic events that have manifested themselves in connection with the development of the industrial reserves of the deposit, the physical and mechanical properties of host rocks and productive strata, as well as the development of mining operations and their current situation. The experience of geomechanical analysis of man-made accidents that have occurred on the territory of the Verkhnekamennoye potassium-magnesium salt deposit showed that the most powerful influencing factor was the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks of the water-protective strata. To obtain a reliable distribution of these parameters in the massif and in productive layers, usually try, first of all, by combining geophysical and geomechanical methods. Within the framework of this article, it was proposed to integrate geological, geophysical and geomechanical approaches when creating a geological and geomechanical model of a water-protective stratum section. As initial data, the geological description of well cores, geophysical surveys in wells, physical and mechanical properties of rocks were used. The processing of available data on wells allowed creating a three-dimensional model of the distribution of the longitudinal wave velocity, in turn, the statistical dependences for the two main parameters of physical and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity and compressive strength) on the velocity of the longitudinal wave make it possible to obtain the values of these properties at any point in the model , on the basis of which the simulation of the stress-strain state and the forecast of the state of the rock mass and workings are further carried out.