Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering

A method for predicting losses over the area of the deposit to minimize the risks of accidents and gas and oil and water showings for the Permian-Carboniferous reservoir of the Usinskoye field was developed. In addition, the analysis of the influence of faults on the number of losses in wells during drilling was carried out. Based on the more than 250 wells drilling analysis, it was revealed that a significant problem during drilling was the loss of drilling fluid. This complication was found in 46% of drilled wells. The intensity of the studied losses was in a wide range: from insignificant losses to strong ones, with a complete loss of mud circulation. The faults identified both from well drilling data and from seismic data were characterized by a different number of wells with and without losses. Using the combination of various statistical methods, individual and complex models for predicting losses in wells depending on the distance from the fault were obtained. Using multilevel probabilistic-statistical modeling, the study of the influence of faults on losses was carried out: initially, based on the data of all wells, regardless of the methods for identifying faults - the first-level model; by the method of identifying faults (drilling / seismic exploration) - second-level models; according to the data of individual faults - the model of the third level. At the fourth level, a complex model was built, which takes into account the calculation results obtained at the previous levels of statistical modeling. The presence of direct and inverse dependences of the absorption probability from the shortest distance to the fault was established. Using linear discriminant analysis, the results of predicting the probability of absorption were checked.

The initial data when creating both geological and hydrodynamic reservoir models can lead to errors in the modeling results and the subsequent distortion of the economic assessment and prospects of an oil or gas field. In order to improve the predictive reliability of reservoir hydrodynamic models, a core material study for the Tula object of four fields at the Babkinskaya anticline was carried out. The ratio analysis of porosity (Kp), rock density (ρ) and permeability (Kperm) for sandstones and aleurolites was carried out. Using a statistical core sampling based on porosity, density and permeability parameters, a separation by sedimentation processes was carried out for all considered lithological differences. For aleurolite and sandstone, we could talk about the differentiation of characteristics in the process of reservoir properties formation. The values of the parameters Kp, ρ and Kperm, determined from laboratory core studies, were combined into a single statistical sample for the possibility of developing a methodology that would be aimed at describing Kperm using the integrated laboratory studies, namely by adding rock ρ to the analysis. As a result of statistical analysis, it was found that permeability in intervals with low reservoir properties was controlled with the same significance degree by both porosity and rock density for all lithological differences. At the same time, the presence of highly permeable reservoirs for sandstones and their practically absence for aleurolites were noted. For all lithological differences, relationships were established between the permeability coefficient not only with porosity, but also with rock density. The methodology for constructing statistical models for calculating permeability from the values of porosity and rock density was implemented separately for the fields of the eastern and western parts of the Babkinskaya anticline. The described approach to taking into account the influence of rock density on permeability made it possible to determine the differentiated influence of lithotypes on the filtration characteristics of the reservoir. When modeling a reservoir, it is necessary to move from linearity to nonlinearity and take into account that the problem of permeability distribution in the reservoir being solved is somewhat more complicated: in different areas, sometimes the permeability is not controlled by porosity in principle, but somewhere only this parameter prevails. The methodical approach was recommended for 3D modeling. Revealing the relationships between the parameters was most important when developing a methodology for tuning the model in the interwell space. The development of a reliable estimate of permeability for the vast majority of wells will significantly improve the efficiency of hydrodynamic modeling. At the same time, it is necessary to comprehensively take into account the identified relationships between the petrophysical characteristics of production layers. The use of the approach to the analysis of petrophysical characteristics will allow obtaining a more reliable and less subjective hydrodynamic model of the formation.

The results of work on the automation of the solution of engineering problems facing the specialists of mine surveying services of the mines of PJSC "Uralkali" are presented. The developed software modules are fully integrated into the corporate mining and geological information system of PJSC "Uralkali" and are grouped into specialized software systems - automated workstations. These complexes are installed at the workplaces of various mining specialists, from the heads of technical departments to employees of departments at mines. In total, 21 software systems were developed, of which three workstations were created for the specialists of the company's mine surveying service. For the mine surveying departments at the mines, an automated workstation "Local mine surveyor" was developed and put into commercial operation, for the department of capital surveying and geodetic works - an automated workstation "Capital mine surveying", for employees of the department of the chief mine surveyor of PJSC "Uralkali" - an automated workstation "Chief surveyor". The software modules that are part of the automated workstations of the specialists of the mine surveying service allow in an automated mode to solve a wide range of engineering problems, due to the requirements of the current regulatory documents. Among them, one can single out such tasks as: processing the results of instrumental survey of underground and surface objects and, on its basis, replenishment of mining and graphic documentation in digital form (2D and 3D); mining planning and design; preparation, editing and printing of standard technical documentation (payroll, tables, reports and graphics); solving issues of safe mining; analysis of the implementation of planned and design indicators of the mining enterprise, etc.

Since the beginning of the civilization emergence, people began to use the minerals extraction on the surface of the Earth and the rock mass transportation. One of the main tasks of the mining industry is the transportation of an increasing rock mass amount from the quarry, which has caused the need to increase the power and carrying capacity of mining dump trucks. Today, we can assume that the revolutionary period of increasing the carrying capacity in the creation of heavy-duty dump trucks is over. Further improvement of the designs of frame dump trucks is impractical. To create super-powerful dump trucks capable of efficiently transporting rock mass from deep horizons, fundamentally different designs of machines and power plants are needed. The most important requirement for promising machines is to minimize the negative impact on the environment. In its development, mining vehicles have come a long way: a hand wheelbarrow - a horse cart - a truck - a diesel mining dump truck - a diesel-electric mining dump truck - an electric mining dump truck - an unmanned electric mining dump truck. According to the law of the transition from quantity to quality, it can be assumed that the period of increasing the carrying capacity of mining dump trucks has ended (quantitative changes), and a new period of qualitative changes begins (the development of new types of mining transport, an increase in the specific capacity of a power plant, the use of other energy carriers, etc.). An important area is the use of artificial intelligence: robotic dump trucks, self-diagnostic systems, etc. The main requirement for promising machines is to reduce the cost of transporting rock mass and a minimum negative impact on the environment.